Mathematics Fundamentals

Prime numbers: Only factors are 1 and itself GCD: Greatest Common Divisor LCM: Least Common Multiple Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic Modular arithmetic

Arithmetic sequence: an = a₁ + (n-1)d Geometric sequence: an = a₁r^(n-1) Convergence tests Power series Taylor series

Vector spaces Linear transformations Basis and dimension Eigenvalues Diagonalization

Limit: Value function approaches Derivative: Rate of change Integral: Area under curve Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Taylor series expansion

Vertices and edges Paths and cycles Connected components Tree properties Graph coloring